Architectural and construction solutions

10, 5-storey residential building, from products of the 97 series, consisting of four block sections: in axes I-II - an ordinary block section (reused block sections of a residential building), a set of apartments of a typical floor 3-2-2-3, the first floor 4-2-3; in axes II-III - an ordinary shortened block section (21 m long) with a through passage and a rotary blocking element, a set of apartments of a typical floor 2-1-1-2, the first floor 2-3-1; in the axes V-VI - an ordinary shortened block section (21 m long) with two rotary blocking elements, a set of apartments of a typical floor 2-1-1-2, the first floor 3-3. On the ground floor, in all block sections, there are apartments with individual summer exits to the main facade of the building. The height of the standard and first floors in the residential part of the houses is 2,8 m. Necessary premises are provided: switchboards on the first floor; ITP in the technical underground. The total number of apartments in a residential building is presented in Table. 5.1. (See layout drawing for details). The construction volume is calculated up to the upper mark of the heat-insulating layer of the roof. The built-up area and building volume are calculated taking into account the blocking elements. Pplanning decisions of a residential building provide functionally substantiated interconnections between the individual premises of each apartment. The projected residential building has a technical attic and underground, equipped with garbage ducts with mechanisms for stripping and washing trunks, passenger elevators with a capacity of 1000 kg, with dimensions of 2200x1080x2100 mm. Elevator engine room at the 10th floor level. The exterior finish of the residential building is multi-colored. The walls of the stairwells are painted with water-acrylic compositions to a height of 1,5 m. Interior decoration of apartments is provided in accordance with their functional purpose. Interior doors - wooden according to GOST 6629-88. The floors in the living quarters of the apartments, kitchens, corridors are covered with linoleum on a heat and sound insulating underlay (in the apartments on the first floors, the floors are wooden with Isover insulation), in the bathrooms, the floors are concrete with oil paint. The walls of living quarters, corridors, pantries, kitchens are to be finished with wallpaper of improved quality, in bathrooms - oil paint painting to a height of 1,8 m, higher - BA painting for 2 times, white color. Ceilings - improved VA painting, color - white. The walls of staircases, vestibules, elevator halls are painted to the full height with water-dispersion paint, the floors are concrete mosaic. It is possible to ventilate the living quarters of the apartments due to the tilt-and-turn sashes of the windows, as well as the vents (for kitchens). The residential building is equipped with a garbage chute. The trunks of the garbage chute are installed above the garbage collection chambers located on the first floors. Waste collection chambers are provided with cold and hot water supply for washing the premises, sewerage with a ladder in the floor, heating, and a fire extinguishing system. The walls are lined with ceramic tiles to the full height, the ceiling is VA whitewash, ceramic tiles are provided on the floor in the waste chamber. Collection of household waste - in a container for collecting garbage and household waste KM-0,6. The garbage chute of a residential building is equipped with a mechanical device for cleaning, washing and disinfecting the SUBO. The loading valves of the garbage chutes are attached to the trunk of the garbage chute with a clamp with the installation of rubber seals. The covers of the loading valves of the garbage chutes have a tight porch and are equipped with rubber gaskets. In places where the garbage chute passes through the floor slabs, rubber seals are provided. Waste chute shafts are made of reinforced concrete grade B-25, suitable for regular cleaning and disinfection. An automatic fire damper is installed at the bottom of the garbage chute.

Constructive decisions

The residential building was designed taking into account the use of products of high factory readiness. The structural scheme of the house is designed with load-bearing transverse and longitudinal walls, with a step of transverse walls of 3.0 and 4.5 m, with the ceiling supported on the walls along the contour. Modular grid 1,5x1,5 m. The strength and stability of structures is ensured by the operation of the block-section box as a spatial unchanging system formed by rigid vertical and horizontal diaphragms located in three mutually perpendicular directions and connected to each other at their mutual intersections. For a relative mark of 0.000, the front surface of the platform of the elevator hall on the 1st floor was taken. Floors in apartments on the first floor at el. +0.080. Tubings of elevator shafts, ventilation blocks are made of prefabricated volumetric reinforced concrete blocks. Elevator shafts are made of B25 class concrete (300 kg/cm3) together with waste chute channels. Sanitary cabins - prefabricated from sheet materials (hereinafter referred to as the cabin). The cabin is made in a version without a ventilation unit in the left and right versions. The load-bearing base of the cabin is a sanitary reinforced concrete pallet. The load-bearing frame of the cabin is a rigid metal structure made of a corner, providing rigidity to the prefabricated structure, at the same time being a load-bearing element of sheet facing materials, which perceives loads during transportation and installation. To lift the cabin, mounting loops are provided in the amount of 3 pieces. Increased factory readiness of the cabin is provided by the improved surface of the cabin walls with a surface category of at least A-2, mounted door blocks, the presence of a built-in electrical wiring, the presence of sockets and switches, lamps. Openings for sanitary equipment and ventilation are provided in the cabin walls. The package includes 2 pcs. ventilation plastic gratings installed during finishing work. A wooden embedded part is provided for attaching the brackets of the hinged sink. Cabin wall panels are made of sheet materials on a metal frame of galvanized profiles of the Knauf type. GKLOV is used as facing sheet materials. As a middle layer, foam polystyrene plates and mineral wool insulation are used. A polyethylene film is used as temporary packing of the cabin, which protects the cabin from pollution and precipitation. The foundations are piled. External plinth panels are made of expanded clay concrete B15. Internal plinth panels - 160 mm thick from heavy concrete B15. The outer walls of the above-ground part of the building are three-layer expanded clay concrete with discrete ties, load-bearing. The walls of the internal above-ground part of the building are load-bearing, reinforced concrete panels, 160 mm thick, concrete class B15 Ceilings - flat reinforced concrete panels 160 mm thick, concrete class B15. Balconies - reinforced concrete flat slabs, concrete class B25. Balcony railings - consists of two parts: decorative - a translucent railing made of metal profiles filled with glass and painted asbestos-cement sheets; constructive - an internal fence, which is a railing on its own racks, made of a steel rectangular pipe. Wind loads are taken up by the decorative railing and transferred to the aluminum posts and inner railing. Operational loads are perceived by an internal fence made of a rectangular pipe with a section of 60x40x3 in accordance with GOST 8645-68. Pipe material - Steel C245 according to GOST 27772-88. The immutability of the system is ensured by the rigid connection of the elements of the internal fencing to each other and to the balcony slab. The decorative part is mounted on its own brackets and connected to the inner fence. To prevent electrochemical corrosion, the connection of steel and aluminum elements is carried out with stainless steel self-tapping screws through a polymer gasket. To compensate for temperature deformations, oval holes are provided in the junction of the posts of the decorative fence. The frame is mounted using anchor bolts and self-tapping screws. The estimated height of the decorative fence posts is 2,85 m, the internal fence is 1,2 m. The pitch of the decorative fence posts is 620-1060 mm, the internal fence is 750-1500 mm. Roof - prefabricated rollless reinforced concrete with internal water drainage of a separate structure with a passage under-roof space. Prestressed ribbed roof panels, trough-shaped spillways. Roof railing - metal along the roof perimeter, 1200 mm high. The fencing is carried out on racks from a metal pipe ø40x2,5 mm, fittings ø 18 AI in three rows. Rack spacing - 1,5 m. Internal partitions - reinforced concrete panels 60 mm thick. Stairs - prefabricated reinforced concrete marches and platforms. Elevator shafts are self-supporting reinforced concrete tubing. The canopy above the entrance is a reinforced concrete slab. The entrance slab is a reinforced concrete flat slab with a mosaic coating. Doors external in accordance with GOST 24698-81. Doors internal in accordance with GOST 6629-88. Doors to the electrical room, control units, access to the attic are made fireproof type 2, certified. In the project, measures for the protection of building structures from corrosion are provided in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 2.03.11-85 "Protection of building structures from corrosion". Concrete structures in contact with the ground are coated with hot bitumen 2 times. All plinth panels are installed on a solution of freshly laid cement mortar with a ratio of 1: 2 with a thickness of 20 mm. To protect the bases of the walls from soaking, an asphalt concrete pavement 30 mm thick, 1.2 m wide is arranged around the walls, along a sand-gravel mixture, 120 mm thick, on compacted soil (E = 28 MPa). The structures of the residential building are made of materials that are resistant to the environment and correspond to the II degree of fire resistance of the building. Mounting elements for connecting external walls to each other, to internal walls, balcony slabs with floor panels and floor panels to each other are covered with tread primer and sealed with cement-sand mortar. All metal products are coated with PF-115 enamel for 2 times over the PF-20 primer.