Description and justification of the demolition (dismantling) method adopted.

It is customary to carry out dismantling works in a contracted manner with a one-shift operation - working hours from 900 to 1800. Specialized assembly organizations are involved in the production of special dismantling works. The dismantling of the building is divided into two periods:
1. Preparation period – performance of a complex of works, including: development of a project for the production of works for the dismantling of the building; installation of a construction site fence with a pedestrian gallery in the places indicated on the construction site plan; device for washing the wheels of vehicles traveling to city highways (Moydodyr-K); arrangement of a residential town; delivery and preparation of construction machines, equipment and mechanisms for work; disconnection of existing engineering networks (if they are not disconnected at the time of commencement of work) suitable for the building (shutdown should be carried out by organizations in charge of engineering networks). Disconnection must be formalized by an act; arrangement of protective structures (from crushed stone, reinforced concrete slabs) in the security zones of underground utilities; organization of sites for the storage of construction waste from dismantling; installation of a signal fence along the border of the danger zone from the dismantling of buildings; installation of facade scaffolding at the site of manual dismantling; ensuring lighting of work areas in accordance with lighting standards and compliance with fire safety and electrical safety rules; provision of temporary power supply and water supply; inspection of the building by a technical commission consisting of a representative from the Customer and the contractor to clarify the technical condition of the structural elements, the readiness of the building for dismantling. Based on the results of the inspection, draw up an inspection report; development of measures in case of emergencies and their coordination with the Customer; installation of an information board, posters and inscriptions on HSE and fire safety; issuance to the responsible contractor of the work permit for work of increased danger in the form in accordance with SNiP 12.03.01 "Labor safety in construction" part I. K At the beginning of the main period of work, a certificate with the seal of the Customer's chief engineer must be prepared stating that electricity has been disconnected from the dismantled building and city overhead communication lines, television antennas and stretch marks have been removed. The completion of the preparatory work at the construction site must be accepted according to the act on the implementation of labor safety measures, drawn up in accordance with Appendix "I" of SNiP 12-01-2004 *.
2. The main period - work on the demolition (dismantling) of the building and the removal of construction waste.
Taking into account the results of the inspection of the building structures and the high requirements for environmental protection and the preservation of the adjacent building, the dismantling of the building should be carried out by manual dismantling and using integrated mechanization. Dismantling work should be carried out in the following sequence: 1) dismantling and removal of all sanitary devices, gas pipelines, electrical wiring, communications and other equipment (these works are performed by the Customer before the buildings are handed over to the contractor); 2) dismantling of window and door fillings; 3) disassembly of the roof and dismantling of wooden roof structures; 4) dismantling of attic floor slabs in the area adjacent to the building of house No. 5; 5) execution of vertical lines in the walls and ceilings of the building along the boundaries of the areas; 6) dismantling of the above-ground structures of the building (in sections); 7) dismantling of the underground structures of the building no closer than 3,0 from the walls of the building of house No. 5; 8) insulation of the end wall of house No. 5, adjacent to the building of house No. 110 lit. "G"; 9) restoration of disturbed landscaping. Dismantling work should be carried out according to the grips (in accordance with the scheme for dismantling the building on the construction general plan): 1 capture - axes "4-5" (manual disassembly); 2 capture - axes "2-4" (mechanized disassembly); 3 capture - axes "1-2" (mechanized disassembly). If signs of deformations appear, work should be suspended and urgent measures should be taken to fix (strengthen) the structures. The places of fastening (strengthening) of structures in a dangerous state are indicated in the project for the production of works after a detailed survey of the building. During dismantling, spontaneous collapse of the elements, especially towards the outside, should be avoided. 

Dismantling of internal engineering communications.

Prior to the commencement of work on the dismantling of engineering communications, it is necessary to disconnect engineering networks from city supply communications. At the same time, water is drained from the central heating system, and water meters, gas and electric meters are dismantled. Low-voltage devices are also switched off and dismantled: the telephone network and the radio network. The dismantling of sanitary systems begins with the removal of flush cisterns, sinks, washbasins, toilet bowls. At the same time remove the water folding and stopcocks. Before removal, central heating radiators are disconnected from pipelines, and then disassembled into sections not exceeding 80 kg in weight, so that it is convenient to carry them. During disassembly, pipelines made of steel pipes are disconnected and fasteners are removed from them at the places of threaded connections. In order to easily unscrew the couplings, nuts and drives, the pipeline is tapped at the joints, and the sealing material, if necessary, is burned out with a blowtorch.
Pipelines made of cast-iron pipes are dismantled after caulking the sockets and fittings. Only heavily corroded steel pipelines that are not suitable for further use and pipelines made of lead pipes are dismantled in enlarged links without separation at the junctions. Pig-iron pipelines are broken on the spot without caulking the sockets, provided that they are not suitable for further use. The dismantling of the internal electrical network begins with the removal of ceiling lamps, cartridges, switches, socket outlets, electrical switchboards. Then the wiring is dismantled. The electrical wires of each room are cut off from the common system and removed separately. Low-voltage cables are removed without cutting, but by dragging them through holes in the walls. The wires removed in this way are smoothed and wound into coils.

Dismantling of building structures manually.

Dismantling window and door blocks. Disassembly of window openings begins with the bindings, tearing them off the boxes with the help of nail pullers. Store the glass removed from the bindings vertically in special boxes. Window boards are removed after plastering. The window block, freed from fasteners, should be dismantled using crowbars, lowering it down into a horizontal position inside the room. Dismantle the door fillings after removing the products (door handles, locks, etc.). Next, remove the door leaf, after removing the trim, from the side of the door leaf. Unfasten the wooden box with boards (two boards break through at 45 ° in the upper corners of the box, the third - horizontally in its lower part). Separate the unfastened box from the wall using crowbars. Roof dismantling. The dismantling of the roof is carried out manually with an electrified tool. The dismantling of wooden rafters is started after a temporary inventory fence is set up around the entire perimeter of the roof being dismantled, a safety cable is pulled, fixed to reliable structures, for attaching safety belts. The dismantling of the roof includes the following operations: remove the coating of galvanized roofing iron and disassemble the crate in the direction from the ridge to the eaves; release the upper run, struts, racks and rafters from metal fasteners (brackets, bolts, pins) using a crowbar and a cutting machine; remove the braces; carefully lower the rafter logs down, then transfer them to the storage area; dismantle the top run and central racks. When manually disassembling the rafters, before starting their sawing, it is necessary to bring inventory metal racks under them (at least 2 pieces per rafter). When manually dismantling the rafters, each rafter must be sawn into pieces 2,0-2,5 m long and removed from the building. The rafters are cut into separate parts from the ridge to the eaves as the cut pieces are removed. Their spatial stability is ensured by the inventory rack and the remaining fastening elements of the crate (1 or 2 pcs.). After sawing a part of the rafter leg, the remaining rafters are cut in this segment, while the cut off section of the rafter leg is supported, depending on the length and weight of the cut off part, by one or two workers. The third worker must remove the inventory rack. Subsequent operations for sawing and cleaning parts of the rafter leg are carried out similarly to the above. All construction waste obtained during the dismantling of rafters and other roof elements is piled on the attic floor with the distribution of the load on the floor in accordance with the technical report on the condition and bearing capacity of the attic floor structures. Elements from disassembly are manually stacked in a container. Partition disassembly is dismantled using crowbars and electric hammers, after removing the shingles and strapping. When disassembling frame-sheathed partitions, first remove part of the sheathing, remove the backfill and then remove the rest of the boards. All works on disassembly of partitions are carried out from inventory adjustable scaffolds. During disassembly, frame-sheathing partitions must be watered to reduce dust. Work on dismantling the ceilings is carried out in the following sequence: dismantle the partitions that fall into the area of ​​dismantling; on the underlying floor, install scaffolding with solid flooring at least 1,2 m below the floor being dismantled; after dismantling the floors, removing the backfill and filing, dismantle the existing floor beams. Before starting work on dismantling existing structures, it is necessary to determine their condition. Overlappings, the strength of which is in doubt, before disassembly and for the duration of disassembly, are fixed with the help of racks or spacers. Reinforced concrete floors are disassembled using jackhammers and sledgehammers until they completely collapse onto the flooring of the underlying scaffolding. Bare reinforcement is cut out with nippers, hacksaws or autogenous. The floor elements collapsed onto the scaffold flooring are crushed into small transportable parts and removed from the building on a stretcher or along a chute arranged for dumping debris. When dismantling beam ceilings, it is forbidden to dismantle all beams on the grip. It is necessary to save every fourth beam embedded in the wall to ensure the spatial rigidity and stability of the building when the floors are completely dismantled. The dismantling of metal beams is carried out using a gas cutter from scaffolds installed on the underlying floor. Materials from dismantling are stored in containers (bags) on scaffolds or not dismantled floors (no more than 150 kg/m2), and then removed from the building (by chute or manually). Ladder demolition work. The direction of work is from top to bottom. Work on the dismantling of stairs is carried out from a temporary flooring supported on the lower platforms and steps. The dismantled staircase is divided into grips, each of which includes one platform and one flight of stairs. On each grip, the entire cycle of work is sequentially performed.